Germany Oil: Refining, Pipelines & Russian Crude
Germany consumes about 2.03 million barrels of petroleum per day (2025), #10 among the countries tracked here. Germany is Europe's largest oil consumer among the countries tracked here and imports almost all of it, so its story is about pipelines, refineries and emergency stocks rather than production.
Key Figures
| Measure | Value | As of / source |
|---|---|---|
| Petroleum consumption (#10 of tracked) | 2.03 Mb/d | 2025 · EIA |
| PCK Schwedt refinery | About 12 million tonnes a year of capacity; supplies roughly 90% of fuel in the Berlin-Brandenburg region and feeds Berlin's airports | Hydrocarbon Processing / press reports |
| Ownership | Germany has controlled Schwedt through a trusteeship since 2022, when it took over the stake of Russia's Rosneft | Reuters / press reports |
| Kazakh crude via Druzhba | About 43,000 b/d (2.15 million tonnes) reached Schwedt through the Russian pipeline in 2025; Russia said it would stop the flow from May 2026 | Hydrocarbon Processing, Al Jazeera, Apr 2026 |
| Emergency stocks | EBV, funded by mandatory levies on all producers and importers, must hold 90 days of net imports, at least one third as products | EBV |
Rankings and comparisons: world production & consumption · reserves by country · biggest oil companies.
Pipelines, Refineries and Reserves
Supply after Russian crude
- Germany stopped taking Russian pipeline crude at the start of 2023 under the EU embargo, and Schwedt has since relied on seaborne crude and Kazakh barrels moved through Russia.
- With the Kazakh transit ending, Berlin has discussed alternative routes through Poland, and its economy ministry said fuel supply was not at risk.
Stocks and what to watch
- Germany holds its emergency oil through an industry-funded agency rather than a government-owned stockpile; see strategic reserves for the ownership models and how oil is stored for EBV's 58 caverns.
- The route by which crude reaches Schwedt, since it is the one large German refinery without direct seaport access.
- Refinery utilization and margins, tracked on the crack spread page.
Germany Oil FAQ
How much oil does Germany consume?
Germany consumes about 2.03 million barrels per day of petroleum and other liquids (2025), ranking #10 among the countries tracked here. Source: EIA international statistics.
Does Germany still import Russian oil?
Not Russian crude. Pipeline imports stopped at the start of 2023 under the EU embargo. Some Kazakh-origin crude continued to reach Germany through Russia's Druzhba pipeline in 2025, and Russia said it would halt that flow from May 2026.
Who holds Germany's emergency oil?
A public corporation, the Erdölbevorratungsverband (EBV), financed by compulsory levies on every company that produces or imports oil products in Germany. It holds 90 days of net imports.